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    50條sql查詢(xún)技巧、查詢(xún)語(yǔ)句示例
    來(lái)源:易賢網(wǎng) 閱讀:4779 次 日期:2016-11-14 16:07:53
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    這篇文章主要介紹了50條sql查詢(xún)技巧、查詢(xún)語(yǔ)句示例,本文以學(xué)生表、課程表、成績(jī)表、教師表為例,講解不同需求下的sql語(yǔ)句寫(xiě)法,需要的朋友可以參考下
     

    student(s#,sname,sage,ssex) 學(xué)生表
    course(c#,cname,t#) 課程表
    sc(s#,c#,score) 成績(jī)表
    teacher(t#,tname) 教師表
     
    問(wèn)題:
    1、查詢(xún)“001”課程比“002”課程成績(jī)高的所有學(xué)生的學(xué)號(hào);

    代碼如下:

    select a.s# from (select s#,score from sc where c#='001') a,(select s#,score
    from sc where c#='002') b
    where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#;

    2、查詢(xún)平均成績(jī)大于60分的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)和平均成績(jī);
    代碼如下:

    select s#,avg(score)
    from sc
    group by s# having avg(score) >60;

    3、查詢(xún)所有同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名、選課數(shù)、總成績(jī);
    代碼如下:

    select student.s#,student.sname,count(sc.c#),sum(score)
    from student left outer join sc on student.s#=sc.s#
    group by student.s#,sname

    4、查詢(xún)姓“李”的老師的個(gè)數(shù);
    代碼如下:

    select count(distinct(tname))
    from teacher
    where tname like '李%';

    5、查詢(xún)沒(méi)學(xué)過(guò)“葉平”老師課的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select student.s#,student.sname
    from student
    where s# not in (select distinct( sc.s#) from sc,course,teacher where sc.c#=course.c# and teacher.t#=course.t# and teacher.tname='葉平');

    6、查詢(xún)學(xué)過(guò)“001”并且也學(xué)過(guò)編號(hào)“002”課程的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select student.s#,student.sname from student,sc where student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#='001'and exists( select * from sc as sc_2 where sc_2.s#=sc.s# and sc_2.c#='002');

    7、查詢(xún)學(xué)過(guò)“葉平”老師所教的所有課的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select s#,sname
    from student
    where s# in (select s# from sc ,course ,teacher where sc.c#=course.c# and teacher.t#=course.t# and teacher.tname='葉平' group by s# having count(sc.c#)=(select count(c#) from course,teacher where teacher.t#=course.t# and tname='葉平'));

    8、查詢(xún)課程編號(hào)“002”的成績(jī)比課程編號(hào)“001”課程低的所有同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select s#,sname from (select student.s#,student.sname,score ,(select score from sc sc_2 where sc_2.s#=student.s# and sc_2.c#='002') score2
    from student,sc where student.s#=sc.s# and c#='001') s_2 where score2 <score;

    9、查詢(xún)所有課程成績(jī)小于60分的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select s#,sname
    from student
    where s# not in (select student.s# from student,sc where s.s#=sc.s# and score>60);

    10、查詢(xún)沒(méi)有學(xué)全所有課的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select student.s#,student.sname
    from student,sc
    where student.s#=sc.s# group by student.s#,student.sname having count(c#) <(select count(c#) from course);

    11、查詢(xún)至少有一門(mén)課與學(xué)號(hào)為“1001”的同學(xué)所學(xué)相同的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)和姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select s#,sname from student,sc where student.s#=sc.s# and c# in select c# from sc where s#='1001';

    12、查詢(xún)至少學(xué)過(guò)學(xué)號(hào)為“001”同學(xué)所有一門(mén)課的其他同學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)和姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select distinct sc.s#,sname
    from student,sc
    where student.s#=sc.s# and c# in (select c# from sc where s#='001');

    13、把“sc”表中“葉平”老師教的課的成績(jī)都更改為此課程的平均成績(jī);
    代碼如下:

    update sc set score=(select avg(sc_2.score)
    from sc sc_2
    where sc_2.c#=sc.c# ) from course,teacher where course.c#=sc.c# and course.t#=teacher.t# and teacher.tname='葉平');

    14、查詢(xún)和“1002”號(hào)的同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的課程完全相同的其他同學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)和姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select s# from sc where c# in (select c# from sc where s#='1002')
    group by s# having count(*)=(select count(*) from sc where s#='1002');

    15、刪除學(xué)習(xí)“葉平”老師課的sc表記錄;
    代碼如下:

    delect sc
    from course ,teacher
    where course.c#=sc.c# and course.t#= teacher.t# and tname='葉平';

    16、向sc表中插入一些記錄,這些記錄要求符合以下條件:沒(méi)有上過(guò)編號(hào)“003”課程的同學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)、2、
    號(hào)課的平均成績(jī);
    代碼如下:

    insert sc select s#,'002',(select avg(score)
    from sc where c#='002') from student where s# not in (select s# from sc where c#='002');

    17、按平均成績(jī)從高到低顯示所有學(xué)生的“數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)”、“企業(yè)管理”、“英語(yǔ)”三門(mén)的課程成績(jī),按如下形式顯示: 學(xué)生id,,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),企業(yè)管理,英語(yǔ),有效課程數(shù),有效平均分
    代碼如下:

    select s# as 學(xué)生id
    ,(select score from sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='004') as 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
    ,(select score from sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='001') as 企業(yè)管理
    ,(select score from sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='006') as 英語(yǔ)
    ,count(*) as 有效課程數(shù), avg(t.score) as 平均成績(jī)
    from sc as t
    group by s#
    order by avg(t.score)

    18、查詢(xún)各科成績(jī)最高和最低的分:以如下形式顯示:課程id,最高分,最低分
    代碼如下:

    select l.c# as 課程id,l.score as 最高分,r.score as 最低分
    from sc l ,sc as r
    where l.c# = r.c# and
    l.score = (select max(il.score)
    from sc as il,student as im
    where l.c# = il.c# and im.s#=il.s#
    group by il.c#)
    and
    r.score = (select min(ir.score)
    from sc as ir
    where r.c# = ir.c#
    group by ir.c#
    );

    19、按各科平均成績(jī)從低到高和及格率的百分?jǐn)?shù)從高到低順序
    代碼如下:

    select t.c# as 課程號(hào),max(course.cname)as 課程名,isnull(avg(score),0) as 平均成績(jī)
    ,100 * sum(case when isnull(score,0)>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) as 及格百分?jǐn)?shù)
    from sc t,course
    where t.c#=course.c#
    group by t.c#
    order by 100 * sum(case when isnull(score,0)>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) desc

    20、查詢(xún)?nèi)缦抡n程平均成績(jī)和及格率的百分?jǐn)?shù)(用1行顯示): 企業(yè)管理(001),馬克思(002),oo¨ (003),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(004)
    代碼如下:

    select sum(case when c# ='001' then score else 0 end)/sum(case c# when '001' then 1 else 0 end) as 企業(yè)管理平均分
    ,100 * sum(case when c# = '001' and score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end)/sum(case when c# = '001' then 1 else 0 end) as 企業(yè)管理及格百分?jǐn)?shù)
    ,sum(case when c# = '002' then score else 0 end)/sum(case c# when '002' then 1 else 0 end) as 馬克思平均分
    ,100 * sum(case when c# = '002' and score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end)/sum(case when c# = '002' then 1 else 0 end) as 馬克思及格百分?jǐn)?shù)
    ,sum(case when c# = '003' then score else 0 end)/sum(case c# when '003' then 1 else 0 end) as uml平均分
    ,100 * sum(case when c# = '003' and score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end)/sum(case when c# = '003' then 1 else 0 end) as uml及格百分?jǐn)?shù)
    ,sum(case when c# = '004' then score else 0 end)/sum(case c# when '004' then 1 else 0 end) as 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)平均分
    ,100 * sum(case when c# = '004' and score >= 60 then 1 else 0 end)/sum(case when c# = '004' then 1 else 0 end) as 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)及格百分?jǐn)?shù)
    from sc

    21、查詢(xún)不同老師所教不同課程平均分從高到低顯示
    代碼如下:

    select max(z.t#) as 教師id,max(z.tname) as 教師姓名,c.c# as 課程id,max(c.cname) as 課程名稱(chēng),avg(score) as 平均成績(jī)
    from sc as t,course as c ,teacher as z
    where t.c#=c.c# and c.t#=z.t#
    group by c.c#
    order by avg(score) desc

     

    22、查詢(xún)?nèi)缦抡n程成績(jī)第 3 名到第 6 名的學(xué)生成績(jī)單:企業(yè)管理(001),馬克思(002),uml (003),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(004)
    [學(xué)生id],[學(xué)生姓名],企業(yè)管理,馬克思,uml,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),平均成績(jī)

    代碼如下:

    select distinct top 3
    sc.s# as 學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào),
    student.sname as 學(xué)生姓名 ,
    t1.score as 企業(yè)管理,
    t2.score as 馬克思,
    t3.score as uml,
    t4.score as 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),
    isnull(t1.score,0) + isnull(t2.score,0) + isnull(t3.score,0) + isnull(t4.score,0) as 總分
    from student,sc left join sc as t1
    on sc.s# = t1.s# and t1.c# = '001'
    left join sc as t2
    on sc.s# = t2.s# and t2.c# = '002'
    left join sc as t3
    on sc.s# = t3.s# and t3.c# = '003'
    left join sc as t4
    on sc.s# = t4.s# and t4.c# = '004'
    where student.s#=sc.s# and
    isnull(t1.score,0) + isnull(t2.score,0) + isnull(t3.score,0) + isnull(t4.score,0)
    not in
    (select
    distinct
    top 15 with ties
    isnull(t1.score,0) + isnull(t2.score,0) + isnull(t3.score,0) + isnull(t4.score,0)
    from sc
    left join sc as t1
    on sc.s# = t1.s# and t1.c# = 'k1'
    left join sc as t2
    on sc.s# = t2.s# and t2.c# = 'k2'
    left join sc as t3
    on sc.s# = t3.s# and t3.c# = 'k3'
    left join sc as t4
    on sc.s# = t4.s# and t4.c# = 'k4'
    order by isnull(t1.score,0) + isnull(t2.score,0) + isnull(t3.score,0) + isnull(t4.score,0) desc);

    23、統(tǒng)計(jì)列印各科成績(jī),各分?jǐn)?shù)段人數(shù):課程id,課程名稱(chēng),[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]
    代碼如下:

    select sc.c# as 課程id, cname as 課程名稱(chēng)
    ,sum(case when score between 85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) as [100 - 85]
    ,sum(case when score between 70 and 85 then 1 else 0 end) as [85 - 70]
    ,sum(case when score between 60 and 70 then 1 else 0 end) as [70 - 60]
    ,sum(case when score < 60 then 1 else 0 end) as [60 -]
    from sc,course
    where sc.c#=course.c#
    group by sc.c#,cname;

    24、查詢(xún)學(xué)生平均成績(jī)及其名次
    代碼如下:

    select 1+(select count( distinct 平均成績(jī))
    from (select s#,avg(score) as 平均成績(jī)
    from sc
    group by s#
    ) as t1
    where 平均成績(jī) > t2.平均成績(jī)) as 名次,
    s# as 學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào),平均成績(jī)
    from (select s#,avg(score) 平均成績(jī)
    from sc
    group by s#
    ) as t2
    order by 平均成績(jī) desc;

     

    25、查詢(xún)各科成績(jī)前三名的記錄:(不考慮成績(jī)并列情況)

    代碼如下:

    select t1.s# as 學(xué)生id,t1.c# as 課程id,score as 分?jǐn)?shù)
    from sc t1
    where score in (select top 3 score
    from sc
    where t1.c#= c#
    order by score desc
    )
    order by t1.c#;

    26、查詢(xún)每門(mén)課程被選修的學(xué)生數(shù)
    代碼如下:

    select c#,count(s#) from sc group by c#;

    27、查詢(xún)出只選修了一門(mén)課程的全部學(xué)生的學(xué)號(hào)和姓名
    代碼如下:

    select sc.s#,student.sname,count(c#) as 選課數(shù)
    from sc ,student
    where sc.s#=student.s# group by sc.s# ,student.sname having count(c#)=1;

    28、查詢(xún)男生、女生人數(shù)
    代碼如下:

    select count(ssex) as 男生人數(shù) from student group by ssex having ssex='男';
    select count(ssex) as 女生人數(shù) from student group by ssex having ssex='女';

    29、查詢(xún)姓“張”的學(xué)生名單
    代碼如下:

    select sname from student where sname like '張%';

    30、查詢(xún)同名同性學(xué)生名單,并統(tǒng)計(jì)同名人數(shù)
    代碼如下:

    select sname,count(*) from student group by sname having count(*)>1;

     

     


    31、1981年出生的學(xué)生名單(注:student表中sage列的類(lèi)型是datetime)

     

     

    代碼如下:

    select sname, convert(char (11),datepart(year,sage)) as age
    from student
    where convert(char(11),datepart(year,sage))='1981';

    32、查詢(xún)每門(mén)課程的平均成績(jī),結(jié)果按平均成績(jī)升序排列,平均成績(jī)相同時(shí),按課程號(hào)降序排列
    代碼如下:

    select c#,avg(score) from sc group by c# order by avg(score),c# desc ;

    33、查詢(xún)平均成績(jī)大于85的所有學(xué)生的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名和平均成績(jī)
    代碼如下:

    select sname,sc.s# ,avg(score)
    from student,sc
    where student.s#=sc.s# group by sc.s#,sname having avg(score)>85;

    34、查詢(xún)課程名稱(chēng)為“數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)”,且分?jǐn)?shù)低于60的學(xué)生姓名和分?jǐn)?shù)
    代碼如下:

    select sname,isnull(score,0)
    from student,sc,course
    where sc.s#=student.s# and sc.c#=course.c# and course.cname='數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)'and score <60;

    35、查詢(xún)所有學(xué)生的選課情況;
    代碼如下:

    select sc.s#,sc.c#,sname,cname
    from sc,student,course
    where sc.s#=student.s# and sc.c#=course.c# ;

    36、查詢(xún)?nèi)魏我婚T(mén)課程成績(jī)?cè)?0分以上的姓名、課程名稱(chēng)和分?jǐn)?shù);
    代碼如下:

    select distinct student.s#,student.sname,sc.c#,sc.score
    from student,sc
    where sc.score>=70 and sc.s#=student.s#;

    37、查詢(xún)不及格的課程,并按課程號(hào)從大到小排列
    代碼如下:

    select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by c# ;

    38、查詢(xún)課程編號(hào)為003且課程成績(jī)?cè)?0分以上的學(xué)生的學(xué)號(hào)和姓名;
    代碼如下:

    select sc.s#,student.sname from sc,student where sc.s#=student.s# and score>80 and c#='003';

    39、求選了課程的學(xué)生人數(shù)
    代碼如下:

    select count(*) from sc;

    40、查詢(xún)選修“葉平”老師所授課程的學(xué)生中,成績(jī)最高的學(xué)生姓名及其成績(jī)
    代碼如下:

    select student.sname,score
    from student,sc,course c,teacher
    where student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#=c.c# and c.t#=teacher.t# and teacher.tname='葉平' and sc.score=(select max(score)from sc where c#=c.c# );

    41、查詢(xún)各個(gè)課程及相應(yīng)的選修人數(shù)
    代碼如下:

    select count(*) from sc group by c#;

    42、查詢(xún)不同課程成績(jī)相同的學(xué)生的學(xué)號(hào)、課程號(hào)、學(xué)生成績(jī)
    代碼如下:

    select distinct a.s#,b.score from sc a ,sc b where a.score=b.score and a.c# <>b.c# ;

    43、查詢(xún)每門(mén)功成績(jī)最好的前兩名
    代碼如下:

    select t1.s# as 學(xué)生id,t1.c# as 課程id,score as 分?jǐn)?shù)
    from sc t1
    where score in (select top 2 score
    from sc
    where t1.c#= c#
    order by score desc
    )
    order by t1.c#;

    44、統(tǒng)計(jì)每門(mén)課程的學(xué)生選修人數(shù)(超過(guò)10人的課程才統(tǒng)計(jì))。要求輸出課程號(hào)和選修人數(shù),查詢(xún)結(jié)果按人數(shù)降序排列,查詢(xún)結(jié)果按人數(shù)降序排列,若人數(shù)相同,按課程號(hào)升序排列
    代碼如下:

    select c# as 課程號(hào),count(*) as 人數(shù)
    from sc
    group by c#
    order by count(*) desc,c#

    45、檢索至少選修兩門(mén)課程的學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)
    代碼如下:

    select s#
    from sc
    group by s#
    having count(*) > = 2

    46、查詢(xún)?nèi)繉W(xué)生都選修的課程的課程號(hào)和課程名
    代碼如下:

    select c#,cname
    from course
    where c# in (select c# from sc group by c#)

    47、查詢(xún)沒(méi)學(xué)過(guò)“葉平”老師講授的任一門(mén)課程的學(xué)生姓名
    代碼如下:

    select sname from student where s# not in (select s# from course,teacher,sc where course.t#=teacher.t# and sc.c#=course.c# and tname='葉平');

    48、查詢(xún)兩門(mén)以上不及格課程的同學(xué)的學(xué)號(hào)及其平均成績(jī)
    代碼如下:

    select s#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from sc where s# in (select s# from sc where score <60 group by s# having count(*)>2)group by s#;

    49、檢索“004”課程分?jǐn)?shù)小于60,按分?jǐn)?shù)降序排列的同學(xué)學(xué)號(hào)
    代碼如下:

    select s# from sc where c#='004'and score <60 order by score desc;

    50、刪除“002”同學(xué)的“001”課程的成績(jī)
    代碼如下:

    delete from sc where s#='001'and c#='001';

     

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