四、定語從句 1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,______she belong.（1998.6）
A.Which
B.to where
C.to which
D.at which
2）The investigation______will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6）
A.at which the results
B.the results on which
C.whose results
D.at whose results.
3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______I will leave for Florida.（1999.6）
A.which
B.that
C.while
D.when
4）This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the
A B C
first prize at the Winter Olympic Games.（1999.6）
D
5）The United States is composed of fifty states,
A
two of those are separated from the others by land or water.
B C D
（2000.6）
6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle.（2001.6）
A.that
B.whose
C.in which
D.of which
7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village.（2001.6）
A.when
B.during which
C.which
D.in which
8）The grass______ many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4）
A.by which
B.with which
C.on which
D.of which
9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11）
A.That
B.It
C.As
D.What
10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant
A
advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11）
B C D
11）Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,______ ,of course, made the others jealous.
（2005.4）
A.who
B.what
C.that
D.which
12）The way which the different kinds of rock lie on
A B
one another helps to tell the story of long ago.（2005.4）
C D
「**」CCDBB DCCCA DA
「評(píng)析
從以上各題可以看出，定語從句的考查還是集中在關(guān)系詞的選擇，雖然也有關(guān)系詞最一般的用法，但更多的是對(duì)特殊關(guān)系詞的考查?？偟恼f來有以下幾點(diǎn)需要注意：
① 關(guān)系詞的使用：一看先行詞，二看關(guān)系詞在從句中的作用。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在于從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞（where 地點(diǎn)狀語，when 時(shí)間狀語，why 原因狀語），如3）和7）。
7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village.
A.when
B.during which
C.which
D.in which
**：C
（雖然先行詞時(shí)為表示時(shí)間的詞匯the ten years，但是the ten yeas在后面的定語從句中作spent的賓語，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系代詞which來引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語從句，而不是關(guān)系副詞when.）
3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______ I will leave for Florida.（1999.6）
A.which
B.that
C.while
D.when
**：D
（先行詞next Tuesday在后面的定語從句中作狀語，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系副詞when來引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語從句。）
在此基礎(chǔ)上熟記幾個(gè)常用的固定句式，如：
the same … as
such … as
當(dāng)看到先行詞前有the same 或such修飾時(shí)，可直接從選項(xiàng)中找as，選擇就變得比較簡單，這時(shí)用不著考慮先行詞是人還是物。
② 關(guān)系詞在句中作定語，應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系詞whose，如2）：
2）The investigation______ will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6）
A.at which the results B.the results on which
C.whose results D.at whose results.
**：C
同學(xué)們應(yīng)該熟悉關(guān)系詞作定語時(shí)的各種變體，作定語的關(guān)系詞可有以下變體，試比較：
the office whose windows are broken
the office the windows of which are broken
the office of which the windows are broken
上面的6）題就屬于the windows of which這種形式：
6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle.
A.that B.whose C.in which D.of which
**：D
先行詞是人時(shí)，同樣也可有這三種形式，如：
the professor whose car was stolen
the professor the car of whom was stolen
the professor of whom the car was stolen
③注意"介詞 + which/whom"的結(jié)構(gòu)作關(guān)系詞
從三級(jí)考試對(duì)定語從句的測(cè)試來看，主要考查的是介詞的選擇。"介詞 + which/whom"主要有以下幾種情況：
A. 介詞是句中短語搭配的一部分，如1）和8）：
1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,she belong.（1998.6）
A.Which
B.to where
C.to which
D.at which
**：C
（"屬于"要用belong to，關(guān)系代詞在句中作賓語，同時(shí)定語從句以介詞結(jié)尾，因此把介詞提前，形成to which she belong的結(jié)構(gòu)。 ）
8）The grass______many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4）
A.by which B.with which C.on which D.of which
**：C
再如：
We need a chairman ______.
A.for whom everyone has confidence
B.in whom everyone has confidence
C.who everyone has confidence of
D.whom everyone has confidence on
**：B
（表示"信任某人"要用have confidence in somebody，所以作定語，應(yīng)該用a chairman in whom … has confidence.）
B."部分 + of + 整體名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)作關(guān)系詞也就是 "部分名詞 + of which/whom"的結(jié)構(gòu)。
該結(jié)構(gòu)的使用應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)，一是注意定語從句與并列句的分別，如：
5）The United States is composed of fifty states, 語教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com
A
two of those are separated from the others by land or water.
B C D
（2000.6）
**：B
再如：
He invited many scientists to his birthday party, many of ______ were his old classmates.
A.whom
B.them
C.which
D.that
**：A
這里很自然地會(huì)有many of whom 與many of them的選擇。
C.在大多數(shù)情況下，要看關(guān)系詞與先行詞之間的關(guān)系，以確定選擇什么樣的介詞，如10）：
10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant
A
advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11）
B C D
**：A
④ 注意as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的用法
as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，可置于句首，也可置于句尾，表示"正如……".如9）：
9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11）
A.That
B.It
C.As
D.What
**：C
再如：The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,______ is often the case in other countries.
A.as
B.what
C.so
D.that
**：A
______ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.
A.As
B.That
C.It
D.What
**：A
一般as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，其先行詞為整個(gè)主句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，其先行詞也可以是主句或主句中的一部分。
⑤ 注意先行詞為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因時(shí)，關(guān)系詞的選用。如果用when, where 或why，關(guān)系詞在從句中應(yīng)該是作狀語，否則的話則應(yīng)該用which/that等。如上面7）中：
7）I will not forget the ten years______we both spent in the little village.（2001.6）
A.when
B.during which
C.which
D.in which
[答疑編號(hào)10010614：針對(duì)該題提問]
**：C
先行詞作spent的賓語，只能用which.
再如：
I've never been to Beijing, but it is the place ______.
A.where I'd like to visit
B.in which I'd like to visit
C.I most want to visit
D.that I want to visit it most
**：D
先行詞在從句中visit的賓語，關(guān)系詞不能用where，而只能是that/which.
⑥注意定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別。如：
There are signs ______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A.that
B.which
C.in which
D.whose
**：A
由于signs與后面的restaurants沒有修飾和被修飾關(guān)系，所以whose不對(duì)，如果是定語從句，關(guān)系詞代替signs，而從
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